Who is complaining aboutDebt collection?
When looking at complaint volume about a company or product, consider company size and/or market share. For example, companies with more customers may have more complaints than companies with fewer customers.
The CFPB does not verify every allegation in a complaint before publishing it.Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, Consumer Complaint Database. A complaint is a consumer's account of a problem; it is not a finding against the company.
“Debt collection” accounts for 317,111 complaints in the 12 months to 30 Sep 2026, or 4.6% of everything the CFPB received, up 26% on the 252,029 of the 12 months before.
1,033 companies listed on this site received at least one complaint in the category. The issue chosen most often was “Attempts to collect debt not owed” (43.2%).
Company responses in the category: 73.5% closed with an explanation, 22.1% closed with non-monetary relief, 0.1% closed with monetary relief, and 2% still in progress when the file was published. 96.5% were timely.
Tables below list companies by complaint count with their size beside them. Larger companies serve more customers and can be expected to receive more complaints; the per-size table covers only companies with a public asset figure.
Companies with the most complaints, with their size
Ordered by complaint count in the last 12 months. The size column is the public measure this site could match to the company; the last column divides the count by bank or credit union assets where one exists.
| Company (as named by the CFPB) | Complaints, 12 months | Share | Company size | Per $1bn assets |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CL Holdings LLC | 23,600 | 7.4% | no public measure | — |
| ENCORE CAPITAL GROUP INC. | 19,179 | 6% | no public measure | — |
| Resurgent Capital Services L.P. | 18,187 | 5.7% | no public measure | — |
| Portfolio Recovery Associates, LLC | 17,669 | 5.6% | no public measure | — |
| TRANSUNION INTERMEDIATE HOLDINGS, INC. | 11,156 | 3.5% | no public measure | — |
| Experian Information Solutions Inc. | 10,364 | 3.3% | no public measure | — |
| EQUIFAX, INC. | 10,038 | 3.2% | no public measure | — |
| CCS Financial Services, Inc. | 8,720 | 2.7% | no public measure | — |
| Kriya Capital, LLC | 7,294 | 2.3% | no public measure | — |
| I.C. System, Inc. | 6,621 | 2.1% | no public measure | — |
| National Credit Systems,Inc. | 5,852 | 1.8% | no public measure | — |
| CAINE & WEINER COMPANY, INC. | 5,358 | 1.7% | no public measure | — |
| Spring Oaks Capital, LLC | 4,492 | 1.4% | no public measure | — |
| TRANSWORLD SYSTEMS INC | 4,050 | 1.3% | no public measure | — |
| CAPITAL ONE FINANCIAL CORPORATION | 3,909 | 1.2% | $662bn assets | 5.90 |
| Bread Financial Holdings, Inc. | 3,770 | 1.2% | $21bn assets | 178 |
| SYNCHRONY FINANCIAL | 3,102 | 1% | $115bn assets | 26.9 |
| National Credit Adjusters, LLC | 2,899 | 0.9% | no public measure | — |
| CITIBANK, N.A. | 2,885 | 0.9% | $1.98tn assets | 1.46 |
| Affirm Holdings, Inc | 2,653 | 0.8% | no public measure | — |
| Aldous & Associates, PLLC | 2,596 | 0.8% | no public measure | — |
| Radius Global Solutions LLC | 2,588 | 0.8% | no public measure | — |
| TrueAccord Corp. | 2,534 | 0.8% | no public measure | — |
| JPMORGAN CHASE & CO. | 2,474 | 0.8% | $4.09tn assets | 0.60 |
| Servicer under contract with Federal Student Aid | 2,435 | 0.8% | no public measure | — |
| Harris & Harris, Ltd. | 2,431 | 0.8% | no public measure | — |
| WELLS FARGO & COMPANY | 2,311 | 0.7% | $1.92tn assets | 1.20 |
| T.S. Holdings | 2,309 | 0.7% | no public measure | — |
| Rowland Avenue Management, Inc. A/KA Columbia Debt Recovery, LLC d/b/a Genesis | 2,242 | 0.7% | no public measure | — |
| SUNRISE CREDIT SERVICES, INC | 2,184 | 0.7% | no public measure | — |
| All other companies, including those not listed by name | 121,209 | 38.2% | — | — |
CFPB: “When looking at complaint volume about a company or product, consider company size and/or market share. For example, companies with more customers may have more complaints than companies with fewer customers.” The CFPB does not verify every allegation in a complaint before publishing it. 6 of the 30 companies in this table have a public size measure. “No public measure” means the company could not be matched by name to a single institution in the FDIC, NCUA or HMDA files, not that it is small.
Complaints and size, for companies with a public asset figure
Banks, bank holding companies and credit unions with at least $10 billion in assets and at least 50 complaints in this category in 12 months, ordered by complaint count; the last column divides the count by assets. Assets measure the whole institution, not its debt collection business, so a lender that specialises in this product will show a higher figure than a diversified one of the same quality, and the figures are not a ranking.
| Company (as named by the CFPB) | Complaints, 12 months | Share | Company size | Per $1bn assets |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAPITAL ONE FINANCIAL CORPORATION | 3,909 | 1.2% | $662bn assets | 5.90 |
| Bread Financial Holdings, Inc. | 3,770 | 1.2% | $21bn assets | 178 |
| SYNCHRONY FINANCIAL | 3,102 | 1% | $115bn assets | 26.9 |
| CITIBANK, N.A. | 2,885 | 0.9% | $1.98tn assets | 1.46 |
| JPMORGAN CHASE & CO. | 2,474 | 0.8% | $4.09tn assets | 0.60 |
| WELLS FARGO & COMPANY | 2,311 | 0.7% | $1.92tn assets | 1.20 |
| BANK OF AMERICA, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION | 2,114 | 0.7% | $2.65tn assets | 0.80 |
| AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY | 1,829 | 0.6% | $214bn assets | 8.55 |
| NAVY FEDERAL CREDIT UNION | 1,654 | 0.5% | $204bn assets | 8.09 |
| SANTANDER HOLDINGS USA, INC. | 1,147 | 0.4% | $104bn assets | 11.0 |
| BARCLAYS BANK DELAWARE | 1,047 | 0.3% | $43bn assets | 24.1 |
| GOLDMAN SACHS BANK USA | 1,038 | 0.3% | $759bn assets | 1.37 |
| TD BANK US HOLDING COMPANY | 1,017 | 0.3% | $375bn assets | 2.71 |
| ALLY FINANCIAL INC. | 740 | 0.2% | $188bn assets | 3.93 |
| TRUIST FINANCIAL CORPORATION | 574 | 0.2% | $548bn assets | 1.05 |
CFPB: “When looking at complaint volume about a company or product, consider company size and/or market share. For example, companies with more customers may have more complaints than companies with fewer customers.” The CFPB does not verify every allegation in a complaint before publishing it. 15 of the 15 companies in this table have a public size measure. “No public measure” means the company could not be matched by name to a single institution in the FDIC, NCUA or HMDA files, not that it is small.
Issues
- Attempts to collect debt not owed136,885 · 43.2%
- Took or threatened to take negative or legal action79,049 · 24.9%
- Written notification about debt51,205 · 16.1%
- False statements or representation34,080 · 10.7%
- Communication tactics8,866 · 2.8%
- All other categories7,026 · 2.2%
| Issue (CFPB label) | Complaints | Share |
|---|---|---|
| Attempts to collect debt not owed | 136,885 | 43.2% |
| Took or threatened to take negative or legal action | 79,049 | 24.9% |
| Written notification about debt | 51,205 | 16.1% |
| False statements or representation | 34,080 | 10.7% |
| Communication tactics | 8,866 | 2.8% |
| Electronic communications | 4,492 | 1.4% |
| Threatened to contact someone or share information improperly | 2,534 | 0.8% |
Sub-products
| Sub-product (CFPB label) | Complaints | Share |
|---|---|---|
| I do not know | 200,588 | 63.3% |
| Other debt | 38,620 | 12.2% |
| Credit card debt | 35,862 | 11.3% |
| Telecommunications debt | 11,856 | 3.7% |
| Rental debt | 11,774 | 3.7% |
| Medical debt | 7,803 | 2.5% |
| Auto debt | 5,674 | 1.8% |
| Payday loan debt | 2,824 | 0.9% |
| Private student loan debt | 824 | 0.3% |
| Federal student loan debt | 722 | 0.2% |
| Mortgage debt | 564 | 0.2% |
How companies responded
- Closed with explanation233,144 · 73.5%
- Closed with non-monetary relief70,025 · 22.1%
- Untimely response7,271 · 2.3%
- In progress6,276 · 2%
- All other categories395 · 0.1%
| Measure | This category | All categories |
|---|---|---|
| Closed with monetary or non-monetary relief | 22.7% | 31.6% |
| Closed with monetary relief | 0.1% | 0.5% |
| Responses marked timely | 96.5% | 99.6% |
| Complaints tagged servicemember | 3.7% | 1.5% |
| Complaints tagged older American | 1.3% | 0.7% |
National trend
By state, per 100,000 residents
| State | Complaints, 12 months | Per 100,000 residents |
|---|---|---|
| Georgia | 26,024 | 230 |
| South Carolina | 12,337 | 222 |
| Mississippi | 6,211 | 210 |
| Louisiana | 8,170 | 177 |
| Texas | 54,289 | 171 |
| Alabama | 7,867 | 152 |
| Florida | 34,732 | 148 |
| Delaware | 1,298 | 123 |
| Arizona | 9,237 | 121 |
| Nevada | 3,924 | 120 |
| North Carolina | 12,842 | 115 |
| Maryland | 6,311 | 101 |
| District of Columbia | 637 | 91.8 |
| Illinois | 10,764 | 84.6 |
| Pennsylvania | 10,612 | 81.3 |
The 15 states with the highest rate; national rate 92.8. Filing rates also reflect how widely the CFPB is known in a state.
Questions and answers
How many Debt collection complaints does the CFPB receive?
317,111 in the 12 months to 30 Sep 2026, against 252,029 in the 12 months before, and 1,202,631 since 2013.
Which companies receive the most complaints in this category?
By count, CL Holdings LLC (23,600), ENCORE CAPITAL GROUP INC. (19,179), Resurgent Capital Services L.P. (18,187) in the last 12 months. Counts follow company size: “When looking at complaint volume about a company or product, consider company size and/or market share. For example, companies with more customers may have more complaints than companies with fewer customers.”
What are the complaints about?
The issues selected most often: “Attempts to collect debt not owed” (43.2%), “Took or threatened to take negative or legal action” (24.9%), “Written notification about debt” (16.1%), “False statements or representation” (10.7%).
How do companies respond?
Across the category: 73.5% closed with an explanation, 22.1% closed with non-monetary relief, 0.1% closed with monetary relief, and 2% still in progress when the file was published. 96.5% of responses were timely.
Does the CFPB verify complaints?
The CFPB does not verify every allegation in a complaint before publishing it. A complaint is the consumer's account; the company's response is recorded beside it.
Provenance
Source: Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, Consumer Complaint Database, bulk file downloaded 30 Sep 2026, complaints received through 30 Sep 2026. Only coded fields are used (company, product, sub-product, issue, state, dates, company response, timeliness); complaint narratives are never read, stored or shown. Complaints are published once the company responds or after 15 days, so the most recent two to three weeks are incomplete. Size measures: FDIC BankFind (report date 30 Jun 2026), NCUA call reports (30 Jun 2026), HMDA transmittal sheet (2025), Census Bureau population estimates (2025). All are US government works. Search the CFPB database · Methodology · Report an error.